报告信息：

讲座题目：Unveiling the True Costs of Food Production in Kenya and Viet Nam（肯尼亚与越南粮食生产真实成本研究）

主讲人：Rui Benfica（国际食物政策研究所，高级研究员）

讲座时间：2025年10月16日 15:00-17:00

讲座地点：金码大厦7楼会议室

讲座概要：

Agrifood systems generate environmental, social, and health costs. True cost accounting adds up direct and external costs to find the true costs of food production, which can inform policies to promote sustainability and social inclusion. In communities covered by the CGIAR Nature-Positive Solutions Initiative, external costs (not including health) represent 30% of production costs, dominated by social (84%) over environmental (16%). In Viet Nam, external costs represent 24% of production costs with environmental (61%) dominating social (39%). In Kenya, forced labor is the main social (and overall) impact driven by factors ranging from mild financial coercion to severe forms of physical coercion. Underpayment is other important social cost associated with the gender wage gap. Land occupation is the most important environmental impact, followed by soil degradation. In Viet Nam, land occupation is the leading environmental (and overall) impact, followed by soil degradation and climate change, due to widespread use of inorganic fertilizers (98%) and pesticides (93%). Underpayment is the most significant social cost. Kenya exhibits high labor-related costs and lower crop yields. Conversely, crop yields in Viet Nam are higher due to the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers leading to greater environmental externalities. Strategies to minimize externalities include better labor regulations, tailored investments in resource-efficient infrastructure and technologies, and prudent management of environmentally and socially impactful production inputs and factors. Interventions to overcome the challenges of farmers and workers in the environmental and social areas should be focused on strengthening farmers’ performance, empowering farm workers, and addressing gender-based labor-related externalities.

主讲人介绍：

Rui Benfica现任美国华盛顿特区国际食物政策研究所（IFPRI）创新政策与推广部门高级研究员，主要研究技术创新、农业粮食政策及投资对普惠可持续发展的影响，以及农业粮食系统外部性的测算与影响。2019年加入IFPRI前，他曾任职于国际农业发展基金（IFAD）研究与影响评估部门，研究方向围绕消除贫困、保障粮食安全与营养，同时负责政策研究成果的推广、IFAD在亚洲及拉美受援国干预项目的影响评估设计与实施，以及为IFAD国家战略提供依据的整体经济模型分析。此外，他曾担任美国密歇根州立大学国际发展副教授，期间与粮食安全小组（FSG）合作，在南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲开展研究，内容涉及政策分析、发展干预项目评估等，涵盖收入多元化、减贫、性别平等与女性赋权、粮食营养安全等领域。职业生涯初期，他曾任世界银行性别与发展小组经济学家、非洲地区莫桑比克国家办公室贫困经济学家，期间与莫桑比克规划发展部、农业农村发展部开展政策对话，负责贫困评估、影响评价及贫困社会影响分析。Rui拥有密歇根州立大学农业经济学博士学位，是多个专业组织成员，在同行评审期刊发表大量论文，同时是IFAD研究系列的创始人及联合主编。

Rui Benfica 讲座预告.docx